September 19, 2024

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market Size to Surpass USD 252.08 Bn by 2033

The global immune checkpoint inhibitors market size stood at USD 48.45 billion in 2023 and it is predicted to rise to USD 252.08 billion by 2033 with growing at a CAGR of 17.93% from 2024 to 2033.

The immune system’s task is to safeguard the body’s healthy cells from invasion by foreign substances (such as bacteria and cancer cells). Immunotherapy, which includes checkpoint inhibitors, is effective in treating cancers like lung and melanoma skin cancer. When immune cells with the name T cells have certain proteins on their surface, the immunological checkpoints are activated (recognizers). These checkpoints also interact with companion proteins in other cells, such as malignant cells. As a result, these cells assist in preventing the immune system from eliminating cancer.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market Size 2024 to 2033

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market Highlights:

  1. In 2023, North America dominated the global immune checkpoint inhibitors market, holding a leading market share of 63%.
  2. Among the types of immune checkpoint inhibitors, the PD-1 segment accounted for the largest market share of 74% in 2023.
  3. The PD-L1 segment is projected to experience the fastest growth rate during the forecast period.
  4. Lung cancer represented the largest share of the market by application, capturing 26% in 2023.
  5. Hospital pharmacies led the market by distribution channel, securing a market share of 57% in 2023.

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market Growth

Areas of cancer are treated with radiation and surgery, and the field of oncology is broad and includes a variety of application areas. Chemotherapy typically circulates via the bloodstream to treat patients’ entire bodies, and doing so is referred to as systemic treatment. Treatment for cancer cells helps patients’ immune systems fight cancer more successfully. The top cause of death in the world is cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors thereby prevent the growth of cancer cells and aid in their detection by the immune system or cells.

Immune cells that must be activated and deactivated in order to initiate an immune response and prevent the immune system from being harmed are targeted by immune checkpoint inhibitor medications. Additionally, a number of well-known companies are funding clinical development through R&D investments. The checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab was the first FDA-approved drug solely based on the presence of a genetic characteristic in a tumor, and it is used to treat MSI-H and dMMR cancers. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a growing market due to ongoing rivalry in the industry.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market Regional Study

In 2023, North America led the immune checkpoint inhibitors market, accounting for 63% of the revenue. This dominance is attributed to the high cancer rates in the region. For example, the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society reports that a person in the U.S. is diagnosed with lymphoma, myeloma, or leukemia every three minutes. Furthermore, the CDC documented around 1,603,844 new cancer cases in the U.S. in 2020. The market’s expansion is also fueled by the growth of immunotherapy centers, such as the James P. Allison Institute launched by The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in March 2022, and increased FDA approvals for new treatments, including Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s Libtayo (cemiplimab-rwlc) for non-small cell lung cancer.

In Europe, the immune checkpoint inhibitors market is projected to grow significantly during the forecast period. This growth is driven by rising cancer rates, a demand for effective treatments, a robust healthcare infrastructure, and an emphasis on early disease detection.

The Asia Pacific region is expected to experience substantial growth due to healthcare reforms, improved healthcare infrastructure, a growing population, and the entry of local companies into the market. With a large population and high cancer incidence—estimated at 10.5 million new cases in 2022 according to Global Cancer Statistics—the region’s focus on developing and approving new immune checkpoint inhibitors is anticipated to drive market growth.

Market Dynamics of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market

Market Drivers

  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a growing market due to ongoing rivalry in the industry. The market for immune checkpoint inhibitors is expanding due to factors such as the adoption of an unhealthy lifestyle, the rise in cancer cases, and genetic mutation and alteration that have an impact on the cost of healthcare in the nation.
  • In addition, rising healthcare costs in this market, an increase in the use of immune checkpoint inhibitor medications in emerging regions, and technical advancements in cancer screening and broadcasting methods are all driving the immune checkpoint inhibitors industry’s growth.

Market Restraints

  • However, the high cost of product research and development subsequently raises the price of the finished product and related treatments, which is a factor that is anticipated to restrain the market growth for immune checkpoint inhibitors.
  • Additionally, regulatory price limitation has resulted from the immune checkpoint medicines high price. It is also anticipated that the regulatory price cap on immune checkpoint inhibitors may impede the market’s expansion.
  • The immune checkpoint inhibitors market is also being constrained by advancing cancer therapeutic technology and growing public awareness of immune system disorders.

Market Opportunities

  • In order to advance their research projects, worldwide players in the immune checkpoint inhibitors market frequently collaborate with businesses that combine their core capabilities. For instance, Merck, which is known as MSD outside of the United States and Canada, and Dynavax Technologies Corporation are investigating the potential synergistic effects of combining SD-101 from Dynavax with Keytruda and MK-1966, two immunological treatments from Merck.
  • A rise in the need for cancer therapies, an expansion of R&D projects, and increased reimbursement practices provided by manufacturers and insurance firms in some nations are significant drivers of the global market’s expansion.

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market by Type Outlook

In 2023, the PD-1 segment led the market, capturing a significant 74% of the revenue share. PD-1 inhibitors are effective against various cancers, including melanoma, lung cancer, and bladder cancer, thanks to their ability to produce lasting clinical responses. Their broad applicability and effectiveness have driven widespread adoption, further enhanced by their use in combination with other therapies like chemotherapy and CTLA-4 inhibitors. The market is set for growth due to continuous product innovations and approvals. For example, in February 2023, BeiGene LTD. gained approval from the China National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) for Tislelizumab combined with platinum-based chemotherapy and fluoropyrimidine, a regimen particularly effective for advanced or metastatic gastric cancer patients.

The PD-L1 segment is anticipated to grow the fastest during the forecast period. PD-L1 inhibitors such as Atezolizumab (Tecentriq), Avelumab (Bavencio), and Durvalumab (Imfinzi) are gaining popularity due to their high efficacy. These inhibitors are versatile and can be used alone or in combination for treating various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer and metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market by Application Outlook

Lung cancer was the leading application segment in 2023, holding a 26% revenue share. It remains the top cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with cases projected to increase from 2.48 million in 2022 to 3.05 million by 2030, according to GLOBOCAN. The high prevalence and mortality rates associated with lung cancer drive the demand for immune checkpoint inhibitors. Recent approvals, such as Merck & Co., Inc.’s KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab) for stage IB, II, and IIIA non-small cell lung cancer, highlight the critical role of these inhibitors in this segment.

The colorectal cancer segment is expected to see significant growth. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally, affecting about 10% of cancer patients, and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The rising incidence of CRC fuels the demand for effective treatments. Merck & Co., Inc.’s KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab) received FDA approval in June 2020 for treating metastatic colorectal cancer, reflecting ongoing efforts to address this urgent need.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market by Distribution Channel Outlook

In 2023, hospital pharmacies held the largest revenue share at 57%. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are mainly administered in hospital settings due to their complex nature and the availability of comprehensive care. Collaboration among pharmaceutical companies, academic institutions, and hospitals facilitates access to clinical trials and the early adoption of new therapies. For instance, a 2023 study supported by AstraZeneca and the National Institute of Cancer highlighted the potential of durvalumab in treating non-small cell lung cancer, underscoring the crucial role of hospital pharmacies in cancer care.

The online pharmacies segment is projected to grow the fastest. Online platforms offer a convenient and accessible option for patients to obtain immune checkpoint inhibitors. The rise of digital health solutions and telemedicine has driven this growth, allowing patients to manage prescriptions and access medications from home. The increasing global internet accessibility and patient preference for virtual healthcare are expected to further propel the expansion of online pharmacies.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market Case Studies

1. Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) – Merck

Background: Pembrolizumab, known by its brand name Keytruda, was first approved by the FDA in 2014 for melanoma. It targets the PD-1 (programmed death-1) receptor, which inhibits T-cell activation and helps tumors evade immune surveillance.

Case Study:

  • Initial Approval: Approved for advanced melanoma, Keytruda showed impressive clinical results with significant overall survival benefits compared to traditional therapies.
  • Expansion of Indications: Following its success in melanoma, Keytruda received approvals for a wide range of cancers, including lung cancer, head and neck cancer, and bladder cancer. Its broad applicability has positioned it as a leading ICI in the market.
  • Market Impact: Keytruda quickly became a blockbuster drug, contributing significantly to Merck’s revenue. Its success led to increased investments in clinical trials and further research into combination therapies.

2. Nivolumab (Opdivo) – Bristol-Myers Squibb

Background: Nivolumab, branded as Opdivo, also targets PD-1 and was one of the first ICIs to enter the market, receiving FDA approval in 2014 for melanoma.

Case Study:

  • Combination Therapy: Nivolumab was later approved for combination therapy with ipilimumab (Yervoy), targeting CTLA-4, for melanoma. This combination therapy showed enhanced efficacy, leading to approvals for additional indications like renal cell carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  • Competitive Positioning: Opdivo’s ability to improve survival rates in multiple cancers and its strategic partnerships and collaborations helped Bristol-Myers Squibb maintain a strong market position against competitors.
  • Economic Impact: The broad range of indications and high efficacy rates have made Opdivo a key revenue driver for Bristol-Myers Squibb.

3. Atezolizumab (Tecentriq) – Genentech/Roche

Background: Atezolizumab, marketed as Tecentriq, targets PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1), which is another pathway that tumors use to evade immune detection.

Case Study:

  • Lung Cancer Success: Tecentriq was approved for NSCLC and urothelial carcinoma. Its approval for these indications was based on significant improvements in progression-free survival and overall survival in clinical trials.
  • Innovative Approach: Tecentriq’s focus on PD-L1 rather than PD-1 offered a different mechanism of action, which helped diversify the options available to oncologists.
  • Market Strategy: Roche’s strategic focus on integrating Tecentriq with other therapies and expanding its indications has kept it competitive in the growing ICI market.

4. Ipilimumab (Yervoy) – Bristol-Myers Squibb

Background: Ipilimumab, branded as Yervoy, was the first ICI approved by the FDA in 2011 for melanoma. It targets CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4), which plays a role in downregulating immune responses.

Case Study:

  • First-Mover Advantage: As one of the first ICIs to market, Yervoy set the stage for subsequent drugs in this class. Its approval marked a significant milestone in immuno-oncology.
  • Combination Approvals: The success of Yervoy in combination with nivolumab demonstrated the potential of combining different checkpoint inhibitors, which has been a major trend in the field.
  • Revenue Impact: Yervoy’s early market entry established a strong foothold for Bristol-Myers Squibb, generating substantial revenue and funding further research and development.

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Top Manufactures in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market

  • Sanofi
  • F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.
  • Merck & Co.
  • Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
  • Eli Lilly and Company
  • Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • AstraZeneca PLC
  • Shanghai Jhunsi Biosciences Ltd
  • Immutep Ltd
  • BeiGene Ltd
  • GlaxoSmithKline PLC

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market Segmentation:

By Type

  • PD-1
  • PD-L1
  • CTLA-4
  • Others

By Application

  • Lung Cancer
  • Breast Cancer
  • Bladder Cancer
  • Melanoma
  • Cervical Cancer
  • Hodgkin Lymphoma
  • Colorectal Cancer
  • Others

By Distribution Channel

  • Hospital Pharmacy
  • Retail Pharmacy
  • Online Pharmacy

By Region

  • North America
  • Europe
  • Asia Pacific
  • Latin America
  • Middle East and Africa (MEA)

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